This form, called the "Developmental Counseling" form, is utilized to formally document a counseling session between a leader and a Soldier. This form is not positive or negative, though most Soldiers will hear it is used in a "negative" light. This form can be used to capture information for a school, document an achievement, or even provide formal guidance on an issue a Soldier is having.
Outside of the DA 4187, this is the second most commonly used form in the United States Army.